Although significant protocol work underpinned the change, Ethereum transaction fees have fallen sharply in 2025, reaching recent averages near $0.04 per transaction and roughly 0.0001 ETH depending on spot prices. The decline follows the Dencun upgrade, which modified core fee mechanics and introduced EIP-4844, adding a blob gas component that changes how data-related costs are calculated. Observers note that these technical adjustments were aimed at scaling and fee predictability, and that the measured outcome has been a substantial reduction in typical gas price per transaction to fractions of a gwei. Historical context shows extreme volatility, from highs around $200.06 in May 2022 to lows near $0.00072 in 2015, underscoring how protocol and market dynamics shape user costs. Data from Etherscan highlights the long-term range of fees and provides the primary reference for these figures, making it a key data source. Current network metrics show lower fees coinciding with comparatively muted activity, despite daily transaction counts that remain robust, often exceeding 1.6 million. Reduced congestion, driven in part by fewer high-volume DeFi and NFT operations, has eased competition for block space, and combined with efficiency gains in gas usage per transaction this has driven headline fee figures down. This improvement is also supported by advancements in Rollup Technologies that help optimize network efficiency. Statistical tracking indicates averages near $0.04 and median fees that closely align, suggesting the low pricing is broad-based rather than the product of occasional outliers, while gas price readings around 0.16 gwei reflect record-low costs in ETH terms. Comparative analysis places Ethereum competitively among major chains for small-value transfers, with the combination of protocol upgrades and dynamic gas pricing making microtransactions more viable than in previous years. The blob gas mechanism affects total fee structure by adding a distinct data fee component, which reduces per-transaction data costs without eliminating other fee drivers such as gas used and block gas limits. Users benefit from lower prices, but they should remain cautious about future variability, since fee levels still depend on demand spikes and transaction complexity. Monitoring systems that show both linear and logarithmic fee histories remain important for risk assessment, because past behavior demonstrates that sharp reversals are possible, and because network usage, ETH spot price, and further protocol changes will continue to influence the cost of transacting on Ethereum. Additionally, users can track rates in real time using integrated gas trackers and tools that report typical 2.7 gwei averages for 2025.
